Street photography is fascinating to so-called people watchers; life on the move in an urban setting. And not only them, if angles and architecture are more up your street (sorry!). Follow our guide to taking great photos of different kinds in the built environment.

What is Street Photography?

Street photography can involve random, spontaneous, chance events in public places – people and how they behave – to become a document recording life in a specific moment, period and place. Or you could take an aesthetic approach to capturing the buildings, architecture, colours, lights and shapes on camera instead.

Pioneered by people like Paul Martin, there are a number of other famous photographers who are known for street photography including Henri Cartier-Bresson, Walker Evans, Garry Winogrand, and Tony Ray-Jones. Have a look through some of their photographs for inspiration, and notice how fashions have changed over the years.

Piccadilly Circus and busy Regent Street in London, England, UK, Credit: Alexander Spatari, Getty Images
Piccadilly Circus and Regent Street in London, England, UK, Credit: Alexander Spatari, Getty Images

Which camera should I take to the street?

The camera – it’s up to you. This will depend largely on how you feel about your public presence as a photographer. Some recommend a small camera and minimal amounts of kit, to remain discreet. Other street photographers have used larger DSLRs like the Nikon D5, and even cameras with a flashgun – hardly subtle!

Bruce Gilden is famous for using flash in his street photography. If you don’t already have a camera, and think Street Photography is going to be your primary interest, then have a look at our guide to the best cameras for street photography.

Fujifilm lens advertorial, 27mm
Lenses don’t get much more compact that the XF27mm f2.8 R WR, it’s perfect for a day of street photography.

You can use whatever camera you have with you, be that a smartphone, a real camera (more fun), and use autofocus (assuming the camera has it). You may prefer to use a camera with an optical or electronic viewfinder, such as a Digital SLR or Mirrorless camera, or you may prefer to “shoot from the hip” and use a camera with a tilting screen, so you can shoot from down low or high up.

We have two great guides on how to start, one where Damien Demolder shows you how to set up your camera for street photography. And another with Amy Davies who explains how to use smartphones for street photography.

How should I prepare for Street Photography?

It should go without saying, but ensure your camera battery is charged, and your memory card has plenty of space. Your mobile phone should have enough charge, too, just in case.

Photo taken in London, United Kingdom, Credit: Daniel Gotz EyeEm, Getty Images
Photo taken in London, United Kingdom, Credit: Daniel Gotz EyeEm, Getty Images

The main thing is to be familiar with your camera and to use the camera you have. If you own different models, use that which brings you the most joy, or you’re most comfortable using in public spaces. Wear comfortable, practical clothes and footwear, as you’ll most likely cover some ground.

Make sure you’re familiar with the environment you’re photographing. It makes sense to walk around the area with your camera in your pocket the first time you go somewhere to spot good places to shoot, as well as assess the area for safety. As for the weather: with an appropriate camera, shooting in the rain, dawn, dusk, at night, present whole new worlds of atmosphere for image capture.

Ethical street photography

No matter your subject – people or places, before heading out to photograph on the streets, be sure that you are mindful of street photography law and understand how to be an ethical street photographer.

Four “Simple” Steps for Street Photography: Look – Wait – Snap – Edit

Streetphotography, portrait of a girl sitting on a bench talking on her phone, in the foreground a red bicycle's handle frames the girl.
The bike handlebars make for an interesting frame in this photo. Credit: Bonfanti Diego, Getty Images

1 – Look

It’s no good approaching street photography by staring at your phone. Put it away! Hold onto your camera, ready to shoot when needed. Be in the moment, observe people and watch events as they unfold. Interesting sights that could combine to make an interesting photo will emerge.

You could look for juxtaposition, between the subject, such as a person and the surroundings, this could be matching, or contrasting colours. Be on the lookout for interesting people, streets, art, and buildings, or anything else that can make for a stimulating composition or framing device.

A group of young people lean against a railing on the street holding cardboard signs "Save our planet" "Go green" "`change" "act now"
Waiting is important in Street Photography. Protests can make for a great subject for street photography. Credit: FilippoBacci, Getty Images

2 – Wait

Patience is key. Be ready for something to happen at any time and expect the unexpected. Often, you’ll need to wait for something to happen. More than this, the shot is in the eye of the beholder: wait in a spot and tune your attention to the optical quality of what is unfolding before you. Light, colour, shapes, contrasts, mood, energy. A unique and stunning shot could be had in the blink of an eye – don’t miss it!

At times you will move to another location, or frame the scene differently by moving your camera for something interesting to appear. Wait for a change in the light to alter the tone of the scene. You can revisit locations at different times of the day for this. Depending on your style, you can avoid or wait for the rush hours to capture the movement energy of cars and people en masse to your composition.

3 – Snap

Take the photo and use a quick enough shutter speed (1/200s), use a bright enough aperture (f/2.8 or similar), use whatever ISO speed is needed to keep your shutter speed quick enough. Noise doesn’t matter in street photography. Being ready in the moment to capture it is what you are there for. In any case, you can always convert the photo to black and white if noise is excessive.

Woman walking on path surrounded by silhouettes of other people street photography
Image credit: Marjan Blan via Unsplash

For more inspiration read about black and white street photography here.

Couple on the tube. Photo: Joshua Waller
Couple on the tube, edited and converted to monochrome. Photo: Joshua Waller

4 – Edit (this is optional)

You can present your images just as they are, especially if you just want a record of people and places, or carry out ‘reportage’ photography. To get the most from them though, you’ll want to edit your photos; be it for contrast, to boost colours, crop images, or convert them into black and white (monochrome). Find out how to make your street photos stand out.

silhouette of a person cycling across bridge alone
Photo: Matthew Henry / Unsplash

What makes good street photography?

Good street photography showcases given moments of time out on the street, in its surroundings. Street photos show defined subjects and tell their story. Stay aware of the environment and evolving situations. This includes looking at colours, shapes, lights, shadows and how they change, but also observing people and how they move, the shapes they embody.

Some of the best street photography is unplanned and candid. Don’t envisage a particular shot and wait for it to appear – alas, life does not indulge such fantasies! Tune in to what is, follow it for a while and shoot reality just when it catches your own unique and splendid eye.

Practice makes perfect…

Don’t be discouraged. This takes a lot of practice. In the urban environment, a striking photo can come out of nowhere, yet at others only ordinary, or worse images emerge. This happens to everybody; don’t worry about it. Understandably, we don’t see the average and worse photos taken by professional and established photographers. Rest assured that they have hundreds, if not thousands of sub-standard photographs not for public viewing. The one viral or award winning image that sets them apart is all it takes. These could never be shot without the majority in between that are duffers.

Street photography portrait of a woman smiling, Credit: SolStock, Getty Images
Street photography, Credit: SolStock, Getty Images

If at first, you don’t succeed, try again later or another day. Know well the environment that you are entering. When interacting with other people, remember that a smile goes a long way.

Shoot all walks of life, all types of people, warts and all. You’re capturing reality and presenting a view of the world as you see it. Taking photos of a community and life around you is a great way to have fun with photography.

For those who have never engaged in urban photography before, it may prove to be a very novel and stimulating personal experience indeed. Watching, holding one’s attention and attuning the eye to the scene before you, without regard for time but with a camera at the ready, is like being what they call in sport “in the zone”. Call it what you will, but it is in these conditions – completely absorbed in what we’re striving for – that people surpass what they think they are capable of. Just ask an angler, a golfer, a photographer…

Street photography and the law – make sure you read our guide to street photography and the law, as well as our guide on how to be street smart when out taking street photographs.

More inspirational tips and ideas to inspire your street photography

Street photography is such a popular form of photography, that Amateur Photographer has covered it numerous times, so you’ll find lots of street photography articles on this website, but here are some of our favourites that we think you should have a look at for some more inspiration! Simply click the titles below.

Tips from three professional street photographers:

person in a yellow hat and red jumper photographs the reflection of the street on a shopwindow, inside the shop a woman sitting at a table
Paola’s aim is to record fleeting moments that capture the environment and atmosphere. Sony A7R III, 55mm, 1/160sec at f/1.8, ISO 100

Black and white street photography tips from Brian Lloyd Duckett and Edmond Terakopian:

black and white image, a man in a leather jacket and black sunglasses looks at the camera
Photo: Brian Lloyd Duckett, Black and White Street Photography

Alan Schaller shares how to create your own recognisable style:

a narrow light streak in an alleyway illuminates a woman walking
Photo: Alan Schaller

10 commandments of street photography:

Street photography, people standing in old telephone boxes
People often read my body language and get a sense that I am no threat to them, Antonio Olmos

David Gibson on great street photography:

Textured, yellow accessibility bricks on the pavement, and a woman's yellow skirt
Shin Noguichi has used matching colours, Tokyo 2016

Heather Buckley on challenging the rules of street photography:

Ultra low angle shot of street acrobats performing in front of a crowd
Acrobats, Street Photography, Brighton-based Heather Buckley

The 12 best cities for street photography around the world:

A man wearing yellow suit sat in front of a blue door on the street seen playing a trumpet in Havana
Jessica Knowlden/Unsplash

Analogue Street Photography Tips – Street photographers share their street-shooting secrets:

simon murphy black and white analogue photograph of a boy jumping, a streak of light illuminating him ,his shadow cast on the building next to him
Image credit: Simon Murphy

Terms to learn:

  • Shooting from the hip – In photographic circles this refers to holding a camera at waist level, or the same level as your hip, and by using a tilting screen you can see what you are taking a photograph of.
  • Pop – Making an image “pop” means making the photo stand out, making it more striking or dynamic. This could be by increasing contrast, saturation, and colour, but there are other ways that images can stand out.

AP Improve Your Photography Series

The AP Improve Your Photography Series – in partnership with MPB – This series is designed to take you from the beginnings of photography, introduce different shooting skills and styles, and teach you how to grow as a photographer, so you can enjoy producing amazing photography (and video), to take you to the next level, whether that’s making money or simply mastering your art form. Whether you’re a beginner or a professional, make sure you check out all the articles in this series.

Find the latest Improve Your Photography articles here.

If you’re looking for a great lens for street photography, have a look at the best lenses for street photography, or have a look at the best cameras for street photography. 

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